{"manuscript_title":"The Art of Workplace Happiness: Developing a Buddhist- Inspired Employee Sustainability Scale","abstract":"The research endeavor is dedicated to examining the employee sustainability (ES) practices among manufacturing companies. Given the variability of ES practices across emerging nations, this investigation established a comprehensive scale of ES metrics through a meticulous two-phase process of scale construction and validation, drawing upon environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indexes, happiness indexes, Buddhist philosophical tenets, and an extensive review of pertinent literature. Subsequently, the proposed framework, which illustrates the physical and psychological dimensions of ES, was empirically evaluated utilizing a mixed-method validation approach combining SmartPLS and Python. The convergence of results across both platforms ensured methodological rigor and enhanced the reliability and consistency of the scale. A multi-faceted method that incorporated both qualitative & quantitative analyses involving 900 employees from manufacturing organizations facilitated the validation of the formative construct of ES, encapsulated through eight dimensions: egalitarianism (EG), health and safety (H&S), human rights (HR), learning and development (L&D), cultural enrichment (CE), governance (GV), philanthropy (PL), and psychological well-being (PW). The results substantiated the significant influence of ES practices within manufacturing organizations in India on employee well-being. The study elucidates both theoretical and practical implications.","keywords":["developing countries","employee engagement","human resources","organizational change","social sustainability"]}